Turkish Mood of Obligation

Turkish Mood of Obligation


Turkish Mood of Obligation


Summary of the different ways to express necessity in Turkish:Turkish Mood of Obligation: 
is the Verb Gerekmek
to need, to want to

It is used in all tenses and moods:



The verb gerekmekto be necessary.



  • It is used as the other verbs.

  • Servis kalitesinin mutlaka iyilesmesi gerekiyor.
    It is necessary to definitely improve quality of the service.

  • gerekmemek → to not be necessary

  • Sigorta yaptırması gerekmeyecek.
    It will not be necessary to be insured.




Turkish Verb Gerekmek Present Continuous



  • Saatimin ayarlanması gerekiyor.
    My watch needs adjusting.

  • Otobüse binmem gerekiyor mu?
    Do I have to get on a bus?

  • Mehmet'e yardım gerekiyor.
    Mehmet needs help.

  • Bir vize gerekiyor mu?
    Is a visa necessary?

  • Kışın kar yağması gerekmiyor mu?
    It's supposed to snow in winter, right?

  • Hakkımda hiçbir şey öğrenmen gerekmiyor.
    You do not need to learn anything about me.

  • Ondan korkmamız gerekmiyor.
    We have no need to be frightened of that/it.




Turkish Verb Gerekmek Simple Present



  • İstanbul'a gitmek gerekmez.
    It is not necessary to go to Istanbul.

  • Bunun üzerinden gümrük ödemeniz gerekir.
    Because of this it will be necessary to pay Customs Duty.

  • Gülmek gerekir bazen 
    One should laugh sometimes.

  • On dakika beklemeniz gerekebilir.
    It may be necessary for you to wait ten minutes.




Turish Verb Gerekmek Indefinite Past Tense



  • Mutlu olmak için mutlu etmek gerekmiş.
    In order to be happy it seems it is necessary to make happiness.

  • Bir bilene sormak gerekmiş. 
    It seems it is necessary to ask someone who knows.

  • Çok şey gerekmezmiş mutlu olmaya.
    It seems that a lot is nott required to be happy.

  • Sevmek için sebep gerekmezmiş.
    It seems there is no reason reason for love.

  • Hatta kimseye bir şey anlatması gerekmezmiş.
    It seems it is not even necessary to let anybody know.




Turkish Verb Gerekmek Definite Past Tense



  • Kalemler pahalı olunca, ek iş bulma gerektı.
    As the items were expensive, a spare time job was necessary.

  • Öyle olması gerekti.
    It had to be like that.

  • Başarmamız gerekti aslında.
    Really, we had to succeed.

  • Oraya buraya gitmem gerekti.
    I had to go here and there.

  • Senin iyi olduğunu görmem gerekti. 
    I had to see that you were alright.

  • 3'uncu kez denemem gerekmedi.
    I did not have to try a third time.

  • 4. vitesten yukarı çıkmam gerekmedi.
    It wasn't necessary to change up to 4th gear.

  • Bir defa bile kutusunu açmam gerekmedi.
    I did not even have to open the box.




Turkish Verb Gerekmek Future Tense



  • Bu adamların adını hatırlamam gerekecek.
    I will have to remember these gentlemen's names.

  • Eşme'ye yeni bir yatak almam gerekecek.
    I will have to get a new bed for Esme.

  • İlk önce siteden şifre almanız gerekecektir.
    Firstly you must obtain a password from the site.

  • Boyut değiştirmemiz gerekecektir.
    We will have to change the dimensions.

  • İşimizi bitirdikten sonra yeniden doktorunuza görünmeniz gerekecektir.
    After finishing or work it will be necessary to see the doctor again.




Turkish Participle Gereken Present Participle in -en



  • İzlenilmesi gerekilen bir filim.
    A film which must be seen.

  • Ankara'ya gidince uğranılması gerekilen bır yer olduğunu düşünüyorum.
    I think that it is a place that must be visited when going to Ankara..

  • Gerçekten öğrenmesi gerekilen çok şeyler var.
    Truly there are many things which are necessary to be learned.

  • Gümrük vergisi ödenmesi gerekmeyenki arabamla geldim.
    I came in my car for which customs duty was not necessary.

  • Sebzelerin tüketiminde dikkat edilmesi gerekilen konusu.
    The steps that are necessary for the conservation of vegetables.




The Conditional Mood of "to be necessary"



  • Turkish Verb: Gereksemek"if / whether it is necessary"

  • O an ne yapılması gerekiyorsa onu yaparım.
    I'll do whatever is necessary to do at that moment.

  • Eğer gitmem gerekiyorsa giderim.
    I will go if it is necessary

  • Her ne gerekiyorsa yaparım.
    I will do whatever is necessary.

  • Öyle olması gerekiyorsa öyle olur.
    If it has to be like that then let it be so.

  • Kısaca anlatmak gerekirse böyle onu yazayım.
    Let me write it like this if it need to be explained in short.

  • Gerekmezse konuşmam.
    If it is not necessary, I will not speak.




Other Verbs of Obligation that are used:



  • icap etmek
    to require, to entail

  • bağlı olmak
    to depend upon

  • iktiza etmek
    to require, be needed

  • terettüp etmek
    to be incumbent upon




Other Methods of Conveying Necessity or Obligation


Use of lâzımneed or gereknecessity as an auxiliary.

  • "Gerek" Example: Short Infinitive -ma/-me verb form (+) possessive suffix followed by gerek

  • Gitmem gerek.I have to go.

  • Bakmaman gerek.You do not need to look.

  • "Lazim" Example: Short Infinitive -ma/-me verb form (+) possessive suffix followed by lazım

  • Mehmet'in gelmesi lazım.Mehmet has to come.

  • Onlarin yapmamaları lazım.They must do (it).

  • The infinitive is personalized to show who is under obligation: okumam [okuma-m etc.] my reading

  • Benim kitap okumam lâzım.I should read a book.[LIT: My reading book is needed.]

  • Benim kitap okumam lâzım. (arb.) Benim kitap okumam gerek. (TUR.) have the same meaning.

  • Senin kitap okuman lâzım / gerek.You should read a book.

  • Ali'nin kitap okuması lâzım / gerek.Ali should read a book.

  • Bizim kitap okumamız lâzım / gerek.We should read a book.

  • Sizin kitap okumanız lâzım / gerek.You should read a book.

  • Onların kitap okuması lâzım / gerek.They should read a book.


The Possessive Personalized Ownership Condition -in is used with both gerek and lâzım

Turkish gerek is now used in periodicals.

The Arabic lâzım is used in daily conversation.



Use of ihtiyaçnecessity



  • (-a/-e) ihtiyaç[demands a motion towards object]need/necessity/requirement

  • Suffixed with:
    -ım, -ın, -ı, -ımız, -ınız, -ları (+) var for positive yok for negative.

  • Mehmet'in yardıma ihtiyacım yok.
    I do not need Mehmet's help.

  • Bu işi bitirebilmek için daha fazla zamana ihtiyacımız var.
    We need more time to be able to finish this job.




Use of mecbur
compulsion



  • mecbur olmak(Pos.) / mecbur olmalmak(Neg.)[demands a motion towards (-a/-e) object]to be forced to, be obliged to, have to do something.

  • Onu bakmaya mecbur oldum.
    I felt (that) I had to look at that.

  • Sonunda onu yapmaya mecbur kaldık.
    In the end we did not have to do that.




"Mecbur" Conjugation:


  • mecburto commit to do something
    mecbur is conjugated with an ınfınıtıve verb + -a -e Motion Towards [dative]

  • düşünmek → düşünmeyeto (to) think.

  • düşünmeye mecburumI must think

  • bekelemeye mecbursunyou must wait

  • o çalışmaya mecburhe must work

  • bulmaya mecburuzwe must fınd out

  • durmaya mecbursunuzyou must stop

  • anlatmaya mecburlarthey must explaın




Use of zorunda
under the difficulty of


The noun zor is used meaning: trouble, difficulty, worry, problem,difficult, hard

  • zorunda kalmak[zor-u-nda "in the problem"]to be left no choice but to do something.

  • zorunda olmakto have to, be obliged to[do something]

  • The Full Infinitive in -mek / -mak is followed by:
    zorunda (+) Verb "to be" personal suffixes -yım, -sın, -dır, -yız, -sınız, -dırlar

  • Artık eve gitmek zorundayım.
    I have to go home right now.

  • Gelecek hafta Beşiktaş'ı yenmek zorundayız.
    We have to beat Beşıktaş next week.

  • Bu otelede kalmak zorunda değilsiniz.
    You do not have to stay in this hotel.




Examples: zorunda
to be compelled to do something


  • zorunda is conjugated with the Full Infinitive in -mak -mek

  • çalışmak zorundayımI have to work / try

  • görüşmek zorundasınyou have to see

  • o imzalamak zorundahe has sıgn (it)

  • uğraşmak zorundayızwe have to deal with (it)

  • kalmak zorundasınızyou have to stay

  • değiştirmek zorundalarthey have to change




Turkish Mood of Obligation with -meli/-malı Suffıxed Formation


The -meli / -malı Mood of necessity can have these meanings:

I must go, I ought to go, I should go, I have to go, I have got to go

This Mood is formed by attaching the -li Suffix of Obligation to the short infinitive form of the verb.

The Short infinitive is formed by dropping the final -k from the full infinitive:

  • Verb stem + -malı/ -meli (+) Verb "to be" personal suffixes:
    ‑yım / ‑yim, ‑sın / ‑sin ‑dır / ‑dir ‑yız / ‑yiz ‑sınız / ‑siniz ‑dırlar / ‑dirlershould, ought to

  • Çocuklar yarın okula gitmeliler.
    The children should to go to school tomorrow.

  • Soğuk hava olduğu için denizde yüzmemelisin.
    You ought not to swim in the sea because of the cold weather.

  • Positive Verbs:
    bakmalooking

  • Negative Verbs:
    bakmamanot looking




The Mood of Obligation A-UnDotted Verbs adds -malı- Suffix













































A-UnDotted Verb bakmak to look
bakmalıyım I ought to look / I must look bakmamalıyım I ought not to look
bakmalısın You ought to look / You must look bakmamalısın You ought not to look
O bakmalı(dır) He ought to look / He must look O bakmamalı(dır) He ought not to look
bakmalıyız We ought to look / we must look bakmamalıyız We ought not to look
bakmalısınız You ought to look / you must look bakmamalısınız You ought not to look
bakmalı(dır)lar They ought to look / They must look bakmamalı(dır)lar They ought not to look



The Mood of Obligation E-Dotted Verbs adds -meli- Suffix

Similarly for the E-Dotted Group of Verbs Suffix of Obligation takes its dotted form -li-

  • Positive Verb Root:
    girmeligoing

  • Negative Verb root:
    girmemelinot going















































E-Dotted Verb girme to enter
girmeliyim I ought to enter girmemeliyim I ought not to enter
girmelisin You ought to enter girmemelisin You ought not to enter
O girmeli(dir) He ought to enter O girmemeli(dir) He ought not to enter
girmeliyiz We ought to enter girmemeliyiz We ought not to enter
girmelisiniz You ought to enter girmemelisiniz You ought not to enter
girmeli(dir)ler They ought to enter girmemeli(dir)ler They ought not to enter



Examples: Use of -meli/-mali as a tense mood

Subject is taken fron the Perosnal verb suffixes.

I, you, she etc. is subject in sentence so no need to use the possessive -in

  • ben kitap okumalıyım
    I should / ought to read a book.

  • sen kitap okumalısın
    you should / ought to read a book.

  • Ali bey acele etmemeli ama çabuk olmalı
    Mrç Ali should not hurry but he must be quick.

  • Vapura binerken koşmamalıyız, yoksa denize düşebiliriz
    we should not / ought not run when boardıng the steamer, else we might fall into the sea.

  • siz kitap ağlamamalısınız
    you should not / ought not to cry.

  • onlar bu odada beklemeli(ler)
    they should / ought wait in this room.




Turkish Mood of Obligation Positive Form Statement Present Tense



  • Ben gitmeliyimI must go, I ought to go, I should go, I have (got) to go

  • Sen gitmelisinYou ought to go

  • O gitmeli(dir)He, She, It should go

  • Biz gitmeliyizWe have to go

  • Siz gitmelisinizYou have got to go

  • Onlar gitmeli(dir)lerThey have to go




Turkish Mood of Obligation Positive Form Interrogative Present Tense



  • Ben gitmeli miyim?Must I go? Ought I to go? Should I go? Have I (got) to go?

  • Sen gitmeli misin?Ought you to go?

  • O gitmeli mi?Should he go?

  • Biz gitmeli miyiz?Have we to go?

  • Siz gitmeli misiniz?Have you got to go?

  • Onlar gitmeliler mi?Have they got to go?




Turkish Mood of Obligation Negative Form Statement Present Tense



  • Ben gitmemeliyimI must not go, I ought not to go, I should not go, I have not (got) to go

  • Sen gitmemelisinYou ought not to go

  • O gitmemeliHe should not go

  • Biz gitmemeliyizWe have not to go

  • Siz gitmemelisinizYou have not got to go

  • Onlar gitmemelilerThey have not got to go




Turkish Mood of Obligation Negative Form Interrogative Present Tense



  • Ben gitmemeli miyim?Must I not go?(Mustn't I go?) Ought I not to go? (Oughtn't I to go?) Should I not go? (Shouldn't I go?) Have I not (got) to go? (Haven't I (got) to go?)

  • Sen gitmemeli misin?Ought you not to go? (Oughtn't you to go?)

  • O gitmemeli mi?Should he not go? (Shouldn't he go?)

  • Biz gitmemeli miyiz?Have we not got to go? (Haven't we (got) to go?)

  • Siz gitmemeli misiniz?Have you not to go? (Haven't you to go?)

  • Onlar gitmemeliler mi?Have they not got to go? (Haven't they got to go?)




Turkish Mood of Obligation Positive Form Statement Past Tense Definite


The Past Definite Relates to an actual situation:
I should have gone, He must have gone, They ought to have gone.

  • Ben gitmeliydimI must have gone

  • Sen gitmeliydinYou ought to have gone

  • O gitmeliydiHe should have gone

  • Biz gitmeliydikWe had to go

  • Siz gitmeliydinizYou had got to go

  • Onlar gitmeliydilerThey had to go




Turkish Mood of Obligation Positive Form Interrogative Past Tense Definite



  • Ben gitmeli miydim?Must I have gone?

  • Sen gitmeli miydin?Ought you to have gone?

  • O gitmeli miydi?Should he have gone?

  • Biz gitmeli miydik?Had we to go?

  • Siz gitmeli miydiniz?Had you got to go?

  • Onlar gitmeliler miydi?Had they got to go?




Turkish Mood of Obligation Negative Form Statement Past Tense Definite



  • Ben gitmemeliydimI must not have gone

  • Sen gitmemeliydinYou ought not to have gone

  • O gitmemeliydiHe should not have gone

  • Biz gitmemeliydikWe had not to go

  • Siz gitmemeliydinizYou had not got to go

  • Onlar gitmemeliydilerThey had not got to go




Turkish Mood of Obligation Negative Form Interrogative Past Tense Definite



  • Ben gitmemeli miydim?Must I not have gone? (Mustn't I have gone?)

  • Sen gitmemeli miydin?Ought you not to have gone? Oughtn't you to have gone?)

  • O gitmemeli miydi?Should he not have gone? (Shouldn't he have gone?)

  • Biz gitmemeli miydik?Had we not got to go? (Hadn't we got to go?)

  • Siz gitmemeli miydiniz?Had you not got to go? (Hadn't you got to go?)

  • Onlar gitmemeliler miydi?Had they not got to go? (Hadn't they got to go?)




Turkish Mood of Obligation Positive Form Statement of Presumption


The Past of Presumption relates to an assumption: I suppose that I should have gone, I suppose that he should have gone, etc.

  • Ben gitmeliymişim(I suppose that) I must have gone

  • Sen gitmeliymişsin(I believe that) you ought to have gone

  • O gitmeliymiş(Presumably) he should have gone

  • Biz gitmeliymişiz(In reality) we had got to go

  • Siz gitmeliymişsiniz(It seems that) you had to go

  • Onlar gitmeliymişler(Probably) they had got to go




Turkish Mood of Obligation Positive Form Question of Presumption



  • gitmeli miymişim?Ought I to have gone? (at all?)

  • gitmeli miymişsin?Should you have gone? (possibly?)

  • gitmeli miymiş?(I wonder?) Did he have to go?

  • gitmeli miymişiz?(I wonder?) Did we have to go?

  • gitmeli miymişsiniz?(It seems that?) Did you have to go?

  • gitmeli miymişler?(Surely by now?) Must they have gone?




Turkish Mood of Obligation Negative Form Statement of Presumption



  • gitmemeliymişim(I suppose that) I must not have gone.

  • gitmemeliymişsin(I believe that) you ought not to have gone.

  • gitmemeliymiş(Presumably) he should not have gone.

  • gitmemeliymişiz(In reality) we had not got to go.

  • gitmemeliymişsiniz(It seems that) you had not to go.

  • gitmemeliymişler(Probably) they did not have to go.




Turkish Mood of Obligation Negative Form Interrogative of Presumption



  • gitmemeli miymişim?Ought I not to have gone? (at all?)

  • gitmemeli miymişsin?(I think that?) Should you not have gone?

  • gitmemeli miymiş?(I wonder?) Did he not have to go?

  • gitmemeli miymişiz?(I wonder?) Had we not got to go?

  • gitmemeli miymişsiniz?(It seems that? ) Did you not have to go?

  • gitmemeli miymişler?(Surely?) must they not have gone?




Turkısh Mood of Obligation in the Future


The -meli/-malı has no future form.

To say: : I will have to do it

-meli/-malı cannot be used in Turkish.

Instead gerek, zorunda is used for the future tenses.

  • Bunu yapmak zorunda olacağım.I will have to do this.

  • Onu yapman gerekecek.You will have to do that.


Yorumlar (0)